Kev tu thiab kho cov tsheb ua liaj ua teb yuav tsum tau uacov khoom siv -cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb los daws qhov corrosion, hnav, thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qauv- tseem ceeb heev rau kev siv lub neej ntev hauv thaj chaw ua liaj ua teb hnyav (nqus, chiv / chiv, abrasive loads, thiab rough terrain).
Hauv qab no yog cov khoom siv-los ntawm-cov ntaub ntawv saib xyuas thiab kho cov ntaub ntawv, nrog rau cov txheej txheem, cov cuab yeej, thiab cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws raws li cov khoom sib xws (thav duab, tsheb thauj mus los, hydraulic system, thiab lwm yam):
I. Carbon Steel (Q235, Q355) Trailers (Feem ntau)
Cov pa roj carbon steel yog dav siv rau thav duab, chassis, thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom txheem. Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb:corrosion(los ntawm ya raws / tshuaj) thiabhnav / deformation(los ntawm hnyav loads).
Kev tu txhua hnub
| Cheebtsam | Kev tu ntau zaus | Cov hauj lwm |
|---|---|---|
| Ncej / Chassis | Txhua lub lim tiam (tom qab siv) |
- Ntxuav nrog txhuam txhuam kom tshem tawm cov quav, av, lossis cov khoom seem. - Tshawb xyuas cov kab xeb, kab nrib pleb, lossis khoov cov ntsia hlau. - Kov thaj tsam xeb nrog tiv thaiv- xeb primer + topcoat (epoxy-raws li kev ua haujlwm ntev).
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| Carriage (Cequer Phaj) | Tom qab txhua qhov kev siv |
- Tshem tawm cov khoom daig (cov quav ntub dej, av nplaum) nrog rab chais lossis qis - dej siab (tsis txhob siab- siab ntxuav ntawm welds). - Qhuav kom huv si kom tsis txhob ya raws. - Siv cov txheej nyias nyias ntawm lub tshuab roj rau hauv pem teb (rau cov tsheb thauj khoom tsis siv rau cov qoob loo zaub mov) kom txo cov xeb.
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| Weld Joints | Txhua hli |
- Tshawb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb lossis xoob welds (ua tib zoo saib rau ncej- qag thiab carriage- cov kab txuas). - Siv xeb-cov pov thawj xim rau welds (lawv feem ntau ua rau corrosion). |
| Kho vajtse (bolts / Pins) | Txhua hli |
- Tighten xoob bolts (siv lub torque wrench: 40–60 N·m rau ncej bolts). - Cov xov xov nrog tiv thaiv- txeeb cov khoom sib txuas (tooj liab-raws li) txhawm rau tiv thaiv xeb.
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Kev Kho Kom Zoo
1. Kev tshem tawm thiab kho xeb
Cov cuab yeej: Hlau txhuam, ntawv xuab zeb (80–120 grit), xeb converter, anti- xeb primer, topcoat.
Cov kauj ruam:
Tshem tawm cov xeb xoob nrog cov hlau txhuam; xuab zeb thaj tsam du (mus rau liab qab hlau yog xeb yog tob).
Siv lub tshuab hloov xeb (piv txwv li, phosphoric acid-raws li) los hloov cov xeb ntxiv mus rau qhov chaw ruaj khov.
Cia kom qhuav rau 24 teev, tom qab ntawd siv 2 lub tsho tiv thaiv tiv thaiv - xeb primer (epoxy los yog zinc- nplua nuj) thiab 1 lub tsho tiv no ntawm topcoat (kev ua liaj ua teb pleev xim, piv txwv li, polyurethane).
Nco tseg: For rust holes (>5 hli txoj kab uas hla), txiav cov seem uas puas lawm thiab welding ib tug tshiab Q235/Q355 steel phaj (tib lub thickness raws li tus thawj).
2. Ncej / Carriage Deformation
Cov tsos mob: Khoov ncej rails, warped carriage pem teb, los yog misaligned axles.
Cov cuab yeej: Hydraulic jack, saw hoist, straightedge, vuam tshuab (MIG/TIG).
Cov kauj ruam:
Ruaj ntseg lub trailer ntawm theem av; siv jacks los txhawb qhov chaw deformed.
Siv lub zog maj mam nrog lub saw hoist kom ncaj lub deformation (tsis txhob cia li quab yuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg).
Txheeb xyuas qhov sib npaug nrog ib qho ncaj; weld reinforcement daim hlau (Q355, 4-6 mm tuab) mus rau qhov chaw ncaj rau lub zog ntxiv.
Nco tseg: Rau qhov deformation loj (xws li, khoov qag brackets), hloov cov khoom siv tsis yog kho.
3. Weld Crack Kho
Cov cuab yeej: Angle grinder, vuam tshuab, E4313 electrodes (rau Q235) lossis E5015 electrodes (rau Q355).
Cov kauj ruam:
Sib tsoo tawm qhov tawg nrog lub kaum sab xis grinder (tsim V-groove kom ntseeg tau tias nkag mus rau tag nrho).
Preheat qhov chaw rau 80-120℃(rau Q355) kom tsis txhob muaj qhov txias txias.
Weld lub zawj hauv txheej (txhua txheej tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 3 hli tuab); grind lub weld smooth tom qab txias.
Siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv- xeb xim rau thaj chaw kho.
II. Galvanized Steel Trailers
Galvanized steel (kub-dip/electro-}galvanized) yog siv rau corrosion-cov khoom siv (ncej, chassis). Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb:galvanization kev puas tsuaj(scrambles, welds) thiabxeb hauv qab txheej zinc.
Kev tu txhua hnub
| Cheebtsam | Kev tu ntau zaus | Cov hauj lwm |
|---|---|---|
| Galvanized ncej | Ob lub lis piam |
- Ntxuav nrog xab npum me me thiab dej (tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav, uas khawb cov zinc txheej). - Tshawb xyuas qhov khawb, dents, lossis tev zinc.
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| Weld Joints | Txhua hli |
- Tshawb xyuas cov xeb ntawm ncej-welding thaj chaw (galvanization puas thaum vuam). - Kov nrog zinc- cov xim nplua nuj (zinc cov ntsiab lus Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 90%) kom rov qab tiv thaiv corrosion.
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| Kho vajtse | Txhua hli | - Tighten bolts; siv zinc-raws li kev tiv thaiv- txeeb cov khoom sib txuas rau cov xov (tsis txhob galvanic corrosion). |
Kev Kho Kom Zoo
1. Zinc Layer Damage (Kab / Peeling)
Cov cuab yeej: Hlau txhuam, zinc-nplua nuj xim, galvanizing tsuag (txias galvanizing).
Cov kauj ruam:
Ntxuav qhov chaw puas tsuaj nrog txhuam txhuam kom tshem tawm cov av / xeb.
Siv 2 lub tsho ntawm zinc-nplua nuj xim (dries mus rau ib tug hlau tiav) los yog siv ib tug txias galvanizing tshuaj tsuag (nrog rau cov xim zinc qub).
For large areas (>10 cm²), siv cov khoom siv kho galvanizing (xws li zinc hmoov thiab binder) kom ntev - tiv thaiv ntev.
2. Rust Hauv Zinc Txheej
Cov tsos mob: Bubbling lossis peeling zinc (xws li xeb ua rau ntawm cov hlau substrate).
Cov cuab yeej: Angle grinder, hlau txhuam, xeb hloov pauv, zinc- nplua nuj xim.
Cov kauj ruam:
Sib tsoo tawm ntawm cov npuas zinc txheej kom nthuav tawm cov hlau xeb.
Tshem tawm cov xeb nrog cov hlau txhuam; siv rust converter.
Cia qhuav, ces siv 2 lub tsho ntawm zinc-nplua nuj xim thiab 1 lub tsho ntawm polyurethane topcoat (rau kev tiv thaiv ntxiv).
III. Hnav-Resistant Steel (NM400, NM500) Carriages
Hnav- steel resistant yog siv rau hauv pem teb / sab phab ntsa (abrasive loads xws li gravel, pob zeb). Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb:abrasion hnavthiabWeldability tsis zoo.
Kev tu txhua hnub
| Cheebtsam | Kev tu ntau zaus | Cov hauj lwm |
|---|---|---|
| Hnav-Resistant Floor | Tom qab txhua qhov kev siv | - Tshem tawm cov khib nyiab abrasive (gravel, pob zeb) nrog ib rab chais lossis shovel (tsis txhob khawb qhov saum npoo).- Tshawb xyuas kom nyias (siv lub ntsuas tuab: hloov yog tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2 hli seem). |
| Welds (NM400 rau Q355) | Txhua hli | - Tshawb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb (hnav- cov hlau tiv taus yog nkig thaum welded tsis raug).- Siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv- xeb xim rau welds (lawv tsis hnav-tiv taus dua li cov khoom siv hauv paus). |
Kev Kho Kom Zoo
1. Abrasive Wear (Thinning Pem Teb / Sab Phab Ntsa)
Cov cuab yeej: Thickness gauge, vuam tshuab (MIG nrog qis-hydrogen hlau), NM400/NM500 steel daim hlau.
Cov kauj ruam:
Ntsuas qhov tuab ntawm qhov hnav; Yog tias tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 2 hli, txiav tawm qhov kev puas tsuaj nrog lub plasma cutter.
Npaj ib lub phaj tshiab NM400/NM500 (tib tuab tuab li qub: 4–8 hli) thiab ntxuav cov npoo vuam.
Preheat cov khoom hauv paus rau 150-200℃(tseem ceeb rau NM500) kom tsis txhob tawg.
Weld lub phaj tshiab siv qis-hydrogen xaim (xws li, ER50-G) ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm (10–15 cm / min) kom ntseeg tau tias nkag mus.
Grind lub weld du kom phim lub carriage nto (tsis txhob tsim abrasive npoo).
2. Weld Crack Kho
Cov cuab yeej: Lub kaum sab xis, vuam tshuab, qis-hydrogen electrodes (E7018).
Cov kauj ruam:
Sib tsoo qhov tawg rau hauv V-groove (qhov tob=1.5x phaj thickness).
Preheat qhov chaw rau 200-300℃(rau NM500) kom txo qis kev ntxhov siab.
Weld hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg (txhua txheej tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2 hli) nrog E7018 electrodes; peen txhua txheej nrog rauj los daws kev ntxhov siab.
Cia txias maj mam (npog nrog rwb thaiv tsev) kom tsis txhob txias tawg.
IV. Stainless hlau (304, 316) Trailers (Tshwj xeeb)
Stainless hlau yog siv rau kev thauj mus los tshuaj lom neeg / kua (fertilizer, manure). Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb:pitting corrosion(los ntawm dej ntsev / tshuaj) thiabkhawb-induced xeb.
Kev tu txhua hnub
| Cheebtsam | Kev tu ntau zaus | Cov hauj lwm |
|---|---|---|
| Stainless hlau Carriage | Tom qab txhua qhov kev siv | - Ntxuav nrog dej sov + tshuaj ntxuav me me (tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj chlorine- cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, uas ua rau pitting).- Yaug kom huv si thiab qhuav (nqus dej nrog cov tshuaj ua kom muaj corrosion).- Polish khawb nrog stainless hlau polish (tiv thaiv xeb los ntawm kev khawb hauv khawb). |
| Weld Joints | Txhua hli | - Txheeb xyuas qhov tsis muaj xim (xiav / xim av) lossis pitting (qhia txog kev xeb).- Passivate welds nrog cov tshuaj stainless hlau passivation (rov kho cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv chromium oxide). |
Kev Kho Kom Zoo
1. Pitting Corrosion
Cov cuab yeej: Hlau txhuam (stainless hlau), passivation tov, sandpaper (240-400 grit).
Cov kauj ruam:
Tshem tawm cov xeb xeb nrog cov hlau tsis xeb hlau txhuam (tsis txhob txhuam cov hlau, uas tawm hauv cov hlau).
Xuab zeb rau thaj tsam pitted nrog 240-grit sandpaper kom du nto.
Siv cov tshuaj passivation (phosphoric acid{0}}raws li) rau thaj tsam; cia zaum 10-15 feeb.
Yaug nrog dej distilled thiab qhuav tag (passivation restores lub corrosion{0}}resistant txheej).
2. Scatch Repair
Cov cuab yeejKhoom siv: Sandpaper (240-400-600 grit), stainless hlau polish.
Cov kauj ruam:
Xuab zeb kos nrog 240-grit sandpaper (ua raws li cov nplej ntawm stainless hlau) kom tshem tawm cov burrs.
Kev nce mus rau 400-grit, tom qab ntawd 600-grit sandpaper kom du nto.
Siv stainless hlau polish thiab buff nrog ib daim ntaub mos (restores ci thiab tiv thaiv corrosion).
V. Aluminium Alloy (6061, 5052) Trailers
Aluminium alloy yog siv rau lub teeb yuag trailer (lub vaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo / vineyards). Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb:denting(tsawg cuam tshuam tsis kam) thiabgalvanic corrosion kuj(thaum sib cuag nrog hlau).
Kev tu txhua hnub
| Cheebtsam | Kev tu ntau zaus | Cov hauj lwm |
|---|---|---|
| Aluminium Carriage | Txhua lub lim tiam | - Ntxuav nrog dej + tshuaj ntxuav me me (tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj ntxuav abrasive).- Tshawb xyuas cov hniav, khawb, lossis xeb (dawb hmoov residue).- Siv cov txhuam txhuam txhuam kom khawb (tiv thaiv oxidation). |
| Hlau -Aluminium Connections | Txhua hli | - Txheeb xyuas cov galvanic corrosion (dawb residue ntawm bolted pob qij txha). |
Kev Kho Kom Zoo
1. Kho Hniav
Cov cuab yeej: Roj hmab mallet, hydraulic jack, ntoo blocks.
Cov kauj ruam:
Rau cov hniav me me (<5 cm diameter): Place a wooden block over the dent and tap gently with a rubber mallet (avoids damaging the aluminum surface).
For large dents (>5 cm txoj kab uas hla): Siv lub hydraulic jack los siv lub siab maj mam los ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom (txhawb thaj tsam nrog cov ntoo thaiv kom tsis txhob deformation ntxiv).
Xuab zeb qhov chaw kho nrog 400-grit sandpaper thiab siv cov txhuas polish.
2. Galvanic corrosion kuj
Cov tsos mob: Dawb hmoov residue ntawm steel-aluminium pob qij txha (xws li, hitch, bolts).
Cov cuab yeej: Hlau txhuam (nylon), aluminium corrosion inhibitor, yas washers.
Cov kauj ruam:
Tshem tawm cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj / txiv ntseej thiab ntxuav qhov chaw nrog cov nylon hlau txhuam.
Siv ib qho txhuas corrosion inhibitor (piv txwv li, chromate-raws li) rau ntawm txhuas nto.
Ntxig yas ntxhua khaub ncaws ntawm cov hlau thiab txhuas.
Reinstall lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj nrog tiv thaiv -corrosion roj ntawm cov xov.
VI. Hydraulic System Maintenance (Cov khoom siv -Specific)
Hydraulic Cheebtsam siv hlau (45 #, 27SiMn), tooj dag, thiab roj hmab / polymer seals. Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb:roj paug, foob hnav, thiabcorrosion.
Kev tu txhua hnub
| Cheebtsam | Khoom siv | Kev tu ntau zaus | Cov hauj lwm |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydraulic Lub tog raj kheej | 45 # steel (chim), 27SiMn (qhib, chrome-plated) | Txhua 500 teev ua haujlwm |
- Tshawb xyuas cov roj xau (cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj) lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm pas nrig (kib, xeb). - Ntxuav tus pas nrig nrog lint -dawb ntaub thiab siv xeb- roj pov thawj. - Hloov cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj (NBR/Viton) yog tias muaj dej ntws tawm. |
| Hydraulic Hoses | Roj Hmab (NBR sab hauv, PU sab nraud) | Txhua 3 lub hlis |
- Tshawb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb, bulges, lossis puas. - Hloov cov hoses yog tias txheej txheej yog hnav (exposes steel braid). - Tiv thaiv cov hoses nrog lub tes tsho puas (rubber / nylon) kom tsis txhob sib cuag nrog cov npoo ntse. |
| Fittings / Valves | Hlau / tooj dag | Txhua hli |
- Tighten xoob fittings (siv ib tug ciaj ntswj- zam dhau- zawm).- Ntxuav lub valve lub cev nrog diesel (tshem tawm cov paug). - Siv los tiv thaiv- txeeb cov khoom sib txuas rau steel fittings. |
| Hydraulic Roj | ISO VG 46/68 | Txhua 1,000 teev ua haujlwm |
- Tshem cov roj qub thiab hloov nrog kev ua liaj ua teb huv - qib hydraulic roj. - Hloov cov roj lim (hom cartridge) thaum hloov roj. |
Kev Kho Kom Zoo
1. Lub tog raj kheej Foob Hloov
Cov cuab yeej: Wrench set, seal kit (NBR for mineral oil, Viton for synthetic oil), hydraulic roj.
Cov kauj ruam:
Tshem tawm hydraulic siab (toggle lub nqa nqa kom huv si).
Tshem lub cylinder ntawm lub trailer thiab disassemble lub hau kawg.
Extract hnav O-rings, piston seals, thiab qws ntsaws ruaj ruaj (siv lub foob khaws cov cuab yeej).
Ntxuav lub cylinder chim thiab pas nrig nrog diesel; qhuav kom huv si.
Txhim kho cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tshiab (lubricate nrog roj roj los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thaum sib dhos).
Reassemble lub tog raj kheej thiab kuaj rau cov dej xau.
2. Hose Hloov
Cov cuab yeej: Hose cutter, crimping tool, new high -pressure hose (Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 25 MPa), fittings.
Cov kauj ruam:
Txiav lub hose puas mus rau qhov ntev (nrog rau qhov ntev ntev kom tsis txhob nro).
Nruab fittings ntawm ob qhov kawg (crimp nrog hydraulic crimping cuab yeej- tes-tightened fittings leak nyob rau hauv siab).
Txuas lub hose tshiab rau lub tog raj kheej / valve; nruj fittings nrog ib tug wrench.
Kuaj lub kaw lus ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab (5-10 MPa) txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov xau.
VII. Tire & Brake Maintenance (Universal rau tag nrho cov khoom siv trailer)
Log tsheb
Kev tu txhua hnub:
Tshawb xyuas lub siab ua ntej txhua qhov kev siv (1.8–2.2 MPa rau kev tsis ncaj ncees- cov log tsheb, 2.0–2.4 MPa rau cov log tsheb radial).
Tshawb xyuas qhov punctures, txiav, lossis tread hnav (hloov yog tias qhov tob tob<3 mm).
Hloov cov log tsheb txhua 6 lub hlis (swps pem hauv ntej / nram qab log tsheb kom ntseeg tau tias hnav txawm tias).
Kho:
Patch punctures nrog cov khoom siv kho tsheb (rau cov log tsheb) lossis cov khoom siv ntsaws (rau cov log tsheb tsis muaj tube).
Hloov cov log tsheb nrog kev puas tsuaj ntawm phab ntsa (tsis tuaj yeem kho tau).
Nres
Kev tu txhua hnub:
Txheeb xyuas cov dej nres / cua siab txhua hli (hydraulic: Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 15 MPa; huab cua- dhau-hydraulic: Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 0.6 MPa).
Tshawb xyuas cov pawm / khau txhua 3 lub hlis (hloov yog tias tuab<5 mm).
Bleed nres kab txhua xyoo (hydraulic brakes) kom tshem tawm cua.
Kho:
Hloov cov pawm nres / khau (nruab nrab lub tsheb nres hom: nruas / disc).
Rebuild seized log cylinders / calipers (ntxuav nrog diesel thiab lubricate nrog nres roj).
VIII. Daim ntawv teev kev saib xyuas raws caij nyoog
| Lub caij | Cov Haujlwm tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Caij nplooj ntoos hlav | - Tshawb xyuas rau lub caij ntuj no corrosion (ntsev / de- cov tshuaj icing).- Kuaj hydraulic system tom qab cia.- Tighten tag nrho cov bolts thiab lubricate txav qhov chaw. |
| Lub caij ntuj sov | - Tshawb xyuas lub log tsheb siab (nce nrog qhov kub thiab txias- tso siab dhau).- Ntxuav hydraulic system kom tsis txhob overheating.- Tshawb xyuas cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj rau cov cua sov puas. |
| Caij nplooj zeeg | - Npaj rau kev sau qoob loo: Txhim kho cov tsheb thauj mus los (yog tias thauj cov qoob loo hnyav).- Tshawb xyuas cov brakes thiab cov log tsheb kom siab -load use.- Siv cov xim los tiv thaiv xeb rau cov hlau. |
| Lub caij ntuj no |
- Tshem cov roj hydraulic (yog tias khaws cia hauv qhov kub < -10℃) thiab hloov nrog cov roj caij ntuj no (ISO VG 32).- Ntxuav thiab qhuav lub trailer; khaws cia rau hauv ib cheeb tsam uas npog.- Ncua lub trailer kom tsis txhob muaj qhov chaw tiaj tus.
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IX. Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb
Khoom Compatibility: Siv cov tshuaj ntxuav tu, pleev xim, thiab cov roj nplua nyeem sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv trailer (xws li, zam cov tshuaj chlorine-raws li cov tshuaj ntxuav tes ntawm stainless hlau).
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Hais txog cov teeb meem me me (s khawb, qhov dej tawm) tam sim ntawd -lawv nce mus rau hauv kev kho nqi kim (xws li, qhov chaw xeb me me dhau los ua lub qhov).
Kev xaiv cuab yeej: Siv cov khoom siv- cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb (xws li, stainless hlau xaim txhuam rau stainless hlau, roj hmab mallets rau txhuas) kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom puas.
Kev nyab xeeb ua ntej: Ib txwm txo qis hydraulic siab ua ntej kho qhov system; siv lub jack sawv ntsug thaum nqa lub trailer; hnav hnab looj tes / qhov muag tiv thaiv thaum vuam / sib tsoo.
Carbon Steel: Muab qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv xeb thiab kho vuam.
Galvanized hlau: Tiv thaiv cov zinc txheej thiab kov cov chaw puas.
Hnav-Resistant Steel: Tsom ntsoov rau kev saib xyuas kev puas tsuaj thiab cov txheej txheem vuam kom raug.
Stainless hlau: Tsis txhob muaj tshuaj lom neeg puas tsuaj thiab passivate welds.
Aluminium Alloy: Tiv thaiv dents thiab galvanic corrosion.
Hydraulic System: Khaws cov roj huv, hloov cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tsis tu ncua, thiab tiv thaiv cov hoses.
